This is mainly due to the presence of a pigment called chlorophyll in the leaves of the plant, which gives it its green color. On the other hand, petals of plant flowers contain plastids called chromoplasts, which acquire different colored hues. As a result, the leaves of the flower appear colored or red.

Chlorophyll: Chlorophyll is contained within the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast. Chloroplasts are mainly found in plant leaves, young stem skin, flower whorls and young fruit skin.

Chlorophyll absorbs more light from the blue and red parts of the electromagnetic spectrum. Due to which chlorophyll shows green color. Due to this, the color of the leaves of the plant is green.

Chromoplast:Chromoplast is usually found in fruits, flowers, roots. Chromoplast contains xanthophyll, carotene, phycoerythrin, phycocyanin etc. The color of the granules of these colors are different, so some are yellow, some are orange, some are blue and some are red.

For example, anthophyll appears yellow, carotene appears orange, phycoerythrin appears red, and phycocyanin appears blue.

Each different chromoplast absorbs the sun’s electromagnetic waves and emits different light according to the different elements inside them.

1. Chlorophyll: Chlorophyll mainly absorbs light wavelengths of 495-570 nanometers.
When light rays of wavelength 495-570 nanometers hit the eye, the color that creates the sensation of vision is green.
2. Xanthophyll: Xanthophyll mainly absorbs light wavelengths of 570–590 nanometers.
When light rays of wavelength 570-590 nanometers hit the eye, the color that creates the sensation of vision is yellow.
3. Carotene: Carotene primarily absorbs light wavelengths of 590–620 nanometers.
When light rays of 590-620 nanometer wavelengths hit the eye, the color that creates the sensation of vision is orange.
4. Phycoerythrin: Phycoerythrin mainly absorbs light wavelengths visible at 620–750 nanometers.
When light rays of wavelength 620-750 nanometers hit the eye, the color that creates the sense of vision is red.
5. Phycocyanin: Phycocyanin mainly absorbs light wavelengths of 450–495 nanometers.
When light rays of wavelength 450-495 nanometers hit the eye, the color that creates the sensation of vision is blue.